Issue 13

01 Flash Archive · Members Only

China launches secret military satellite using a Long March 4C rocket

On 27 December 2020 China launched the secret military satellite Yaogan 33 aboard a Long March 4C, with independent analysts assessing possible radar-imaging or other surveillance roles.

Author Greg Gillinger Published January 17, 2021

27 December 2020: China launches secret military satellite using a Long March 4C rocket.

– U.S. military tracking data indicated the launcher reached a 425 mile orbit with a 98.3 degree inclination. View Orbit.

– Chinese officials stated the primary payload as Yaogan 33.

– Independent analysts believe Yaogan 33 might carry a radar imager designed to obtain all-weather, day-and-night imagery of strategic targets around the world. Some references name the new satellite “Yaogan 33R.”

– Yaogan 33 was also the name of a military remote sensing satellite lost in May 2019. Yaogan 33R launched into a slightly different orbit; some analysts believe it may be a new type of Chinese surveillance payload.

Reporting of Yaogan 33 capabilities is inconsistent: SAR, EO and SIGINT are all mentioned in different forums.

The 27 December launch was China’s final for the year. China successfully launched 35 space missions into orbit this year in 39 attempts. U.S. companies performed 44 orbital launch attempts, with 40 successes, including flights by California-headquartered Rocket Lab from its private launch base in New Zealand. China Space 2020 Year in Review.

Yaogan 33 / Long March 4C mission graphic.

02 Flash Archive · Members Only

China expands the power of its Central Military Commission (CMC)

China expanded the authority of its Central Military Commission under President Xi, including broader powers to mobilise military and civilian resources in defense of national interests.

Author Greg Gillinger Published January 17, 2021

1 Jan 21: China expands the power of its Central Military Commission (CMC) — headed by President Xi — to mobilise military and civilian resources in defense of the national interest, both home & abroad.

– Military and political analysts said the amendments aimed to strengthen the country’s military leadership under Xi.

– The legislation includes “development interests” as a reason for armed mobilization and war and provides legal grounds for China to launch war in the name of defending national development interests.

– “The CMC is now formally in charge of making national defense policy and principles, while the State Council becomes a mere implementing agency to provide support to the military.” Zeng Zhiping, China military law expert.

– The amendments also highlight the use of armed forces to suppress national disruption and could target independence-leaning Taiwan forces.

The amendments were passed by the National People’s Congress on December 26, after two years of deliberation and stand in “big contrast when compared with developed countries like Israel, Germany and France, which prefer to put their armed forces under civilian leadership.” Video: China-Taiwan relationship.

China Central Military Commission / President Xi.

03 Flash Archive · Members Only

US Congress overrides Presidential veto & passes NDAA

Congress overrode the presidential veto and passed the NDAA, including provisions on commercial space-domain awareness, small-launch policy, commercial GEOINT and National Security Space Launch competition.

Author Greg Gillinger Published January 17, 2021

1 Jan 21: US Congress overrides Presidential veto & passes NDAA. Bill authorizes $740.5B for defense. Space specifics:

– The Air Force has to procure commercial space domain awareness services from at least two contractors.

– The Pentagon has to establish a small launch and satellite policy to ensure “responsive and reliable access to space through the processing and launch of Department of Defense small-class payloads.”

– The Defense Department and the intelligence community have to leverage, as much as practicable, commercial geospatial-intelligence services and acquire domestic commercial satellite imagery.

– The Space Force is directed to start research and development projects to promote competition in the National Security Space Launch program.